Lighting is one of the most influential factors in poultry farming, especially for laying hens. Proper light management helps stimulate egg production, maintain the chickens’ biological rhythm, and keep them active. Farmers who understand how to adjust lighting correctly can increase egg-laying performance naturally without depending too much on artificial stimulants.
This guide provides educational insights, practical tips, and step-by-step strategies on how to regulate lighting so your chickens become more productive.
Why Lighting Matters for Egg Production
Stimulates Hormone Activity
Light affects the chickens’ pituitary gland, which regulates reproductive hormones. Adequate light encourages hens to ovulate and lay eggs regularly.
Supports Natural Behavior
Chickens are naturally active during the day and rest at night. Balanced lighting ensures their daily cycle remains stable, which improves health and productivity.
Extends Laying Periods
By controlling the duration of light exposure, farmers can extend egg-laying beyond seasonal changes, especially during shorter days.
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Ideal Lighting Duration
Natural Daylight
Chickens usually need 14–16 hours of light per day to maintain consistent egg production. Less than 12 hours often reduces laying performance.
Artificial Lighting
When daylight is insufficient, especially in rainy or winter seasons, artificial lighting such as LED bulbs can supplement natural sunlight.
Warm-colored bulbs (2700–3000K) are preferred as they mimic natural light.
Lights should be evenly distributed across the coop to avoid dark spots where chickens may rest instead of laying.
Practical Tips for Managing Coop Lighting
1. Gradual Adjustment
Avoid sudden changes in light duration or brightness. Gradually increase or decrease light exposure by 15–30 minutes at a time to prevent stress.
2. Use a Timer
Installing an automatic timer helps maintain a consistent lighting schedule. Consistency is key for steady egg production.
3. Combine with Natural Sunlight
Whenever possible, design the coop with windows or open areas to allow sunlight in. Natural light boosts vitamin D, which is important for eggshell strength.
4. Control Intensity
Too bright lighting can cause stress, while dim lighting may discourage activity. A moderate brightness of 10–20 lux is generally suitable for laying hens.
5. Maintain Dark Periods
Even though longer light periods boost laying, hens also need at least 8 hours of darkness for proper rest. Overexposure to light may cause fatigue.
Seasonal Considerations
During Summer
Maximize natural light by keeping windows or vents open.
Ensure artificial lights are not overheating the coop.
During Rainy or Winter Seasons
Supplement natural daylight with artificial lighting to reach the 14–16 hour target.
Use energy-efficient bulbs to reduce costs.
Mistakes to Avoid
Excessive lighting – Too much exposure can stress hens and shorten their laying lifespan.
Irregular schedules – Inconsistent lighting confuses the hens’ natural rhythm.
Improper bulb placement – Uneven lighting can make some hens inactive.
Conclusion
Proper lighting management is a simple yet powerful way to increase egg production in chickens. By ensuring hens receive the right balance of daylight and artificial lighting, farmers can create an environment that supports healthy, consistent laying cycles.
Remember: the key to productive chickens is not just what they eat but also how they live under the right light.